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Para-aminobenzoic acid poisoning

Definition:

This poisoning is from an overdose of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).



Alternative Names: PABA poisoning; Vitamin Bx poisoning�

Poisonous Ingredient:

Para-aminobenzoic acid, also called vitamin Bx. Vitamin Bx is not considered a true vitamin.



Where Found:
  • Some sunscreen products
  • Other skin care products
  • Whole grains
  • Mushrooms
  • Spinach
  • Liver
  • Brewer's yeast
  • Molasses

This list may not be all inclusive



Symptoms:

Note: Most�PABA�reactions are due to allergic reactions, not overdoses.



Home Treatment:

If you suspect that someone might be having an allergic reaction to PABA or may have been exposed to a toxic dose of PABA, call Poison Control and seek medical care immediately. Irrigate or wash any skin which may have been exposed to PABA. Flush eyes with large amounts of water for eye exposure. Do not induce vomiting.



Before Calling Emergency:

Determine the following information:

  • The patient's age, weight, and condition
  • Name of product (as well as the ingredients and strength, if known)
  • The time it was swallowed
  • The amount swallowed


Poison Control, or a local emergency number:

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.

This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the U.S. use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.



What to expect at the emergency room:

The patient may receive some or all of the following, depending on the type of reaction or exposure:

  • IV Fluids
  • Symptom treatment
  • Activated charcoal
  • A nasogastric (NG) tube
  • Gastric lavage�to empty the stomach
  • Artificial respiration�
  • Endoscopy
  • Skin debridement (surgical removal of burned skin)
  • Diphenhydramine for allergic reactions
  • Prednisone for allergic reactions


Expectations (prognosis):

Ingestion of sunscreen products containing PABA rarely causes symptoms, except in very large doses. Some patients may be allergic to PABA.




Review Date: 3/3/2006
Reviewed By: Janeen R. Azare, PhD, MSPH, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-KetteringCancer Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2002 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

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