Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most often performed in a hospital's operating or recovery room under general anesthesia. A very brief shock, typically lasting several seconds, is administered to the head to induce a short seizure. Medicine is given to prevent the seizure from spreading throughout the body. Typically, ECT is given three times a week for a total of 6 to 12 sessions.

Because general anethesia is used for this procedure, you will be advised to not eat or drink before ECT.

Ask your health care provider whether you should take any daily medications in the morning before ECT.

Some people report mild confusion and headache following ECT. Hospital staff monitor the patient closely after the procedure to ensure complete recovery.

ECT is a highly effective treatment for depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder, catatonia, and some psychotic disorders.

Possible adverse effects from ECT include the following:

• Confusion
• Memory loss
• Headache
• Hypotension
• Tachycardia
• Allergic reaction to the anesthesia

There is a slight risk of death (3 out of 10,000 people).

Some medical conditions place patients at greater risk for side effects of ECT. Discuss any such conditions or concerns with your health care provider when deciding whether ECT is right for you.