Delta agent (Hepatitis D)Definition: Hepatitis D infection involves a defective viral agent that causes symptoms only in association with hepatitis B infection.
Alternative Names: Hepatitis D virus
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Hepatitis D virus may�worsen an� acute hepatitis B infection�or existing hepatitis B liver disease. It can cause symptoms in previously asymptomatic hepatitis B carriers. Hepatitis D infects about 15 million people worldwide. It occurs in 5% of people with hepatitis B. Risk factors include: - Previous hepatitis B infection
- Being a carrier of hepatitis B
- Receiving many blood transfusions
- Intravenous drug abuse
Symptoms: Hepatitis D may increase the severity of symptoms associated with all forms of hepatitis B.
Treatment: Treatment is the same as for hepatitis B.
Expectations (prognosis): Expectations are similar to those of acute hepatitis B. The acute illness usually subsides over 2 to 3 weeks, and the liver enzyme levels return to baseline within 16 weeks. About 10% of people infected may develop chronic hepatitis.
Complications: - Chronic active hepatitis
- Fulminant hepatitis
Calling your health care provider: Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of hepatitis B occur.
Prevention: Prompt recognition and treatment of hepatitis B infection can help prevent hepatitis D. Avoid intravenous drug abuse. If you use IV drugs, avoid sharing needles. There is a vaccine available to prevent hepatitis B and should be considered by people who are at risk due to IV drug use, exposure to blood products, or sexual behaviors.
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