Peritoneal fluid cultureDefinition: Peritoneal fluid culture is a laboratory test performed on a sample of peritoneal fluid to isolate and identify the presence of microorganisms that cause infection (peritonitis). Peritoneal fluid is the fluid from the peritoneal cavity, a space between two membranes lining the abdominal cavity.
Alternative Names: Culture - peritoneal fluid
How the test is performed: The test is performed by paracentesis, a needle aspiration of the peritoneal cavity. A sample of fluid is sent to the laboratory for gram stain and culture preparation. The sample is examined regularly for the growth of microorganisms.
How to prepare for the test: Empty your bladder prior to the paracentesis procedure.
How the test will feel: A small area in your abdomen will be cleaned with an antiseptic. You will also receive local anesthesia and may feel a stinging sensation from the shot. You will then feel pressure as the needle is inserted. If a large amount of fluid is withdrawn, you may have a feeling of dizziness or light-headedness.
Why the test is performed: The test is done to find out if there is an infection in the peritoneal space (peritonitis).
Normal Values: Peritoneal fluid is a sterile fluid, so normally no organisms are present.
What abnormal results mean: The growth of any microorganism such as bacteria or fungi from peritoneal fluid is abnormal and represents peritonitis.
What the risks are: There is a small risk of the needle puncturing the bowel, bladder, or a blood vessel in the abdomen, possibly resulting in bowel perforation, bleeding, and infection.
Special considerations: The�diagnosis of peritonitis is�based on�more than just the peritoneal fluid culture (which may remain negative even in the presence of peritonitis).
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