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Aarskog syndrome 03/13/2006
Aarskog syndrome is an inherited disease characterized by short stature , facial abnormalities, musculoskeletal, and genital anomalies.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Aarskog syndrome is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder (although some studies show it could�possibly be an X-linked dominant disorder), therefore,�mainly males are affected, although females may have a milder manifestation of some of the features. It is caused by mutations in a gene called "faciogenital displasia" ( FGDY1) found on the X chromosome.
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Aase syndrome 04/20/2005
Aase syndrome is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by anemia with some joint and skeletal deformities.
Alternative Names: Aase-Smith syndrome
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Aase syndrome is thought to be an autosomal dominant inherited disorder. The genetic basis of the disease is not known. The anemia is caused by underdevelopment of the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are formed.
Symptoms: Mildly slowed growth Pale skin Delayed closure of fontanelles (soft spots) Narrow shoulders Triple-jointed thumbs, absent or small knuckles, decreased skin creases at finger joints Inability to fully extend the joints from birth (congenital contractures) Cleft palate Deformed ears Droopy eye lids
Signs and tests: A CBC (complete blood count) will show anemia and a decrease in the white blood cell count .
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm 12/22/2004
An aneurysm is when a blood vessel becomes abnormally large or balloons outward. The abdominal aorta is a large blood vessel that supplies blood to�your abdomen, the pelvis, and legs.
Alternative Names: Aneurysm - aortic
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The exact cause is unknown, but risk factors for developing an aortic aneurysm include high blood pressure , smoking, high cholesterol, and obesity. An abdominal aortic aneurysm can develop in anyone, but it is most frequently seen in people over 50 with one or more risk factors.
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ABO incompatibility 02/01/2005
ABO incompatibility describes an immune reaction that occurs in the body if two blood samples of different, incompatible ABO types are mixed together.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: A, B, and O are the three major blood types. The types are defined by molecules on the surface of the blood cells. In people of different blood types, these molecules act as antigens -- immune-response triggers. Each person has a combination of two of these surface molecules.
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Abortion - complete 08/08/2005
A complete abortion is an abortion (induced or spontaneous) in which all of the fetal and placental material has been expelled from the uterus before 20 weeks' gestation. This type of abortion generally does not require medical intervention. See also miscarriage .
Alternative Names: Complete abortion
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Review Date: 8/8/2005 Reviewed By: Sharon Roseanne Thompson, M.
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Abortion - elective or therapeutic 06/03/2004
Elective or therapeutic abortion is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy.
Alternative Names: Therapeutic abortion; Elective abortion
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Elective abortions are those initiated by personal choice. Therapeutic abortions are those recommended by the health care provider to protect the mother's physical or mental health. In the United States, one legal abortion occurs for every four live births.
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Abortion - incomplete 10/25/2004
In an incomplete abortion , parts of the fetus or placental material is retained within the uterus. Typical symptoms include vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal cramping. In most cases, a surgical intervention called curettage is performed to remove the remaining material from the uterus. The goal of this treatment is to prevent prolonged bleeding or infection. See also complete abortion , infected abortion , miscarriage .
Alternative Names: Incomplete abortion
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Review Date: 10/25/2004 Reviewed By: Peter Chen, M.
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Abortion - infected 10/25/2004
In an infected abortion , there is infection of the fetal material, placental material, and endometrium (lining of the uterus). Fever is a typical symptom and accompanies the other typical symptoms of an abortion or miscarriage, such as vaginal bleeding and cramping. A typical cause is the infection of remaining fetal or placental tissue in the uterus after an incomplete abortion .
Alternative Names: Infected miscarriage
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Review Date: 10/25/2004 Reviewed By: Peter Chen, M.
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Abortion - threatened 08/08/2005
A threatened abortion is a condition of pregnancy, occurring before the 20th week of gestation, that suggests potential miscarriage may take place.
Alternative Names: Threatened miscarriage; Threatened spontaneous abortion
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Approximately 20% of pregnant women experience some vaginal bleeding, with or without abdominal cramping, during the first trimester. This is known as a threatened abortion.
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Abscess 07/16/2004
An abscess is a localized collection of pus in any part of the body, caused by an infection.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Abscesses occur when an area of tissue becomes infected and the body is able to "wall off" the infection to keep it from spreading. White blood cells, the body's defense against some types of infection, migrate through the walls of the blood vessels into the area of the infection and collect within the damaged tissue. During this process "pus" forms, which is an accumulation of fluid, living and dead white blood cells, dead tissue, and bacteria or other foreign invaders or materials.
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